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Rehab News:Fruit fly research may shed light on alcoholism genetics

Researchers are hoping that investigations involving fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) may help to shed light on the genetic basis of alcohol abuse in humans.

A new study, published in the journal Genome Biology, identified a number of genes in fruit flies that are associated with sensitivity to alcohol.

Fruit flies are an important model organism for biologists as they are easy to grow in the laboratory, have a short generation time and have just four pairs of chromosomes, making them ideal for research into genetics.

As with humans, fruit flies can get 'drunk' if exposed to high levels of alcohol, leading to movement problems, loss of postural control and sleepiness.

Researchers at the North Carolina State University bred fruit flies to produce two groups, one of which contained flies which were highly sensitive to alcohol while the other contained flies that were highly tolerant.

The researchers identified a number of genes associated with alcohol sensitivity, 23 of which have human equivalents which may therefore be linked to alcohol sensitivity in people.

Researcher Professor Trudy Mackay commented: "We can now translate these findings from Drosophila to the human population by asking whether any of the 23 human orthologs [equivalent genes] are indeed associated with alcohol sensitivity - either drinking behaviour or addiction - in the human population."